exile

a person who is voluntarily absent from home or country; "American expatriates"

a person who is expelled from home or country by authority

the act of expelling a person from their native land; "men in exile dream of hope"; "his deportation to a penal colony"; "the expatriation of wealthy farmers"; "the sentence was one of transportation for life"

expel from a country; "The poet was exiled because he signed a letter protesting the government's actions"